MOQ Explained: Understanding Minimum Order Quantities in Garment Production

MOQ stands for Minimum Order Quantity — the smallest number of units a manufacturer will produce in a single production run. Every garment factory has an MOQ, though the numbers vary dramatically depending on the factory's size, location, and business model.

Understanding MOQ is essential for any clothing brand, whether you are placing your first order or scaling to larger volumes.

MOQs exist because of how garment production works:

Setup costs: Every production run requires pattern cutting, machine setup, thread changes, and quality control protocols. These fixed costs are the same whether you produce 20 units or 2,000. Below a certain volume, the cost per unit becomes impractical.

Fabric minimums: Fabric mills have their own minimums — typically 100–500 metres per colour. A factory needs enough orders to meet these fabric minimums or risk paying premium prices for small rolls.

Efficiency: Sewing lines are designed for continuous production. Stopping to change styles, colours, or sizes frequently reduces efficiency and increases the cost per unit.

Start with your core styles

If your MOQ is 50 units per style per colour, and you want to launch with 3 colours across 5 sizes, that is 50 × 3 = 150 units for one style. Start with your strongest 2–3 styles rather than spreading thin across a large collection.

Consolidate colours

Instead of 6 colours at the minimum each, consider 2–3 colours at higher quantities. This often results in better pricing and less inventory risk.

Plan your size ratios

Not every size sells equally. A typical ratio might be:

Apply this ratio to your MOQ to avoid ending up with excess stock in unpopular sizes.

Negotiate based on commitment

If you plan to reorder, tell your manufacturer upfront. A factory is more likely to offer flexibility on MOQ if they know you are building a long-term relationship.

A lower MOQ does not always mean lower risk. Consider:

The sweet spot is usually the lowest volume that gives you reasonable per-unit pricing while limiting your financial exposure.

At White Cotton, our MOQ is 50 units per style per colour. We chose this threshold because it is the lowest volume that allows us to maintain our quality standards and fair pricing.

For first-time orders, we recommend starting with 50–100 units of your strongest style. This gives you enough stock to test the market while keeping your investment manageable. As your brand grows, larger orders bring better per-unit pricing.

We are transparent about pricing at every volume — ask us for a quote at any quantity and we will give you an honest breakdown. See how to get started or browse our product catalogue to see what we manufacture.